BIOCHEMISTRY
Photosynthesis In Higher Plants | One Liner Question |
PHOTOSYNTHESIS IN HIGHER PLANTS 1. Which metal ion is a constituent of chlorophyll?a. Ironb. Copperc. Magnesiumd. Zinc 2. Which pigment acts directly to convert light energy to chemical energy?a. Chlorophyll ab. Chlorophyll bc. Xanthophylld. Carotenoid 3. Which range of wavelength (in nm) is called photosynthetically activeradiation (PAR)?a. 100 – 390b. 390 – 430c. 400 – … Read more
Vitamins
Vitamins Water-soluble vitamins Fat-soluble vitamins Water-soluble vitamins Vitamin B1 (Thiamine)Vitamin B2 (Riboflavin)Vitamin B3 (Niacin)Vitamin B5 (Pantothenic acid)Vitamin B6 (Pyridoxine)Vitamin B7 (Biotin)Vitamin B9 (Folic acid)Vitamin B12 (Cobalamin)Vitamin C (Ascorbic acid) Fat-soluble vitamins Vitamin A (Retinoids)Vitamin D (Calciferol, 1,25-dihydroxy vitamin D)Vitamin E (Tocopherol)Vitamin K
Photorespiration And Dark Respiration
PHOTORESPIRATION PHOTORESPIRATION first demonstrated by Decker in 1955 and 1959. ‘The Photorespiration defined as “the Respiration that occurs in green cells in the presence of light resulting into excess evolution of CO2” OR “The release of CO2 in Respiration in presence of light.” Always required light to perform. The photorespiration rate of reaction takes place … Read more
Plant Hormones
Plant Hormones In 1905, the British physician E. H. Starling introduced the term hormone Plants are multicellular complex organisms, to grow themselves they require coordination between cells about their activities, cells must be able to communicate with each other. So the principal means of intercellular communication within plants are the hormones. Hormones are molecular signals that … Read more
Chlorosis – Causes of chlorosis, Iron Chlorosis & Etiolation
Chlorosis: A deficiency of chlorophyll (natural compound present in green plants that gives them their color) causes chlorosis, a yellowing of leaf tissue. Poor drainage, damaged roots, compacted roots, high alkalinity, and nutrient shortages in the plant are all possible causes of chlorosis. Nutrient deficits can result from a lack of nutrients in the soil … Read more
Pigment System I And Pigment System II
Differences between Pigment System I and Pigment System II Pigment System I (PS I) Pigment System II (PS II) PS I is made up of about 200 to 400 chlorophyll molecules; 50 carotenoid molecules; one molecule of reaction centre P700 (Chl.a700), Plastocyanin, Cytochrome f each; two molecules of Cyt. b563 (Cyt b6) and one … Read more
Roles Of Essential Mineral Elements
Essential Mineral Elements Macronutrients: N, K, Ca, Mg, P, and S Micronutrients: Cl, Fe, B, Mn, Zn, Cu, Mo, and Ni Specific Roles of Essential Mineral Elements Macronutrients ” Nitrogen” Proteins, nucleic acids, porphyries (chlorophylls & cytochromes) alkaloids, some vitamins, coenzymes have an important constituent i.e. Nitrogen. Nitrogen also plays a very important role in … Read more
Photosynthesis And Respiration
PHOTOSYNTHESIS It is an anabolic process. Carbohydrates are synthesized. Light energy is stored in the form of glucose or chemical energy. The amount of CO2 in the air decreases during photosynthesis. It takes place only in chlorophyllous cells. It occurs only in the light. The dry weight of the plant increases. Photophosphorylation occurs. 6CO2+12H2O——–> + … Read more
Respiratory And Photosynthetic Quotient
RESPIRATORY QUOTIENT The ratio of the volumes of CO2 liberated and O2 used during respiration in a given period of time. Also called the respiratory coefficient. PHOTOSYNTHETIC QUOTIENT The ratio of the volumes of O2 evolved and CO2 absorbed during photosynthesis in a given period of time. DIFFERENCE BETWEEN RESPIRATORY QUOTIENT AND PHOTOSYNTHETIC QUOTIENT Respiratory … Read more
Enzymes And Hormones
ENZYMES AND HORMONES ENZYMES are the biological catalyst that increases the rate of biochemical reactions without any changes. An organic, protein-based catalyst that is not itself used up in the reaction. It is naturally produced by living cells to catalyze biochemical reactions. Each enzyme is highly specific with regard to the type of chemical reaction … Read more
Fatty Acid
FATTY ACIDS CLASSIFICATION OF FATTY ACIDS Saturated Fatty acids Unsaturated Fatty acids Branched-chain Fatty acids Cyclic Fatty acids “MAJOR SATURATED FATTY ACID AND THEIR SOURCES” SATURATED FATTY It contains only single bonds in their hydrocarbon chains. General formula: R—COOH (where R is CH3(CH2)n, ) IN HIGHER PLANTS: Palmitic acid(C16) “MAJOR UNSATURATED FATTY ACID AND … Read more
Amino Acids And Their Abbreviations
ONE LINER STATEMENT Alanine – Simplest, but usually used in most of the proteins. Beta (β)-Alanine – Naturally occurred Arginine – Often used at the active sites of enzymes. Aspartic Acid – In the citric acid cycle, participate intermediate Asparagine – Amide derivative of aspartic acid. Carnitine – Carries fatty acids into mitochondria. Citrulline -Works … Read more